
After a short welcome by Bruce Davis, Academy Executive Director, Mark Johnson, Foreign Language Film Award Executive Committee Chair, took over the 82nd Academy Awards Foreign Language Film Award Nominees Symposium on Saturday, March 6, 2010, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater of the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
The symposium started with the screening of excerpts from the films “Ajami,” “The Milk of Sorrow,” “A Prophet,” “The Secret in Their Eyes,” and “The White Ribbon.” All directors of the films were present, including Scandar Copti and Yaron Shani, Claudia Llosa, Jacques Audiard, Juan José Campanella, and Michael Haneke.
At the beginning of his introductory speech, Johnson stressed that those five nominated films were carefully selected by a committee that consisted of about 300 members. He also defended the Academy against accusations of prejudice.
“In talking earlier this week to Claudia Llosa and Juan José Campanella, the directors of the nominated films from Peru and Argentina, they expressed to me their surprise and delight that the Academy would nominate two movies from South America. When I asked why, one of them told me that’s what many film festivals would never do and that never before had two films from South America been Oscar-nominated. I was both surprised and somewhat defensive, because they might have thought we sat in a conference room upstairs in this building, and pointed at a map and picked our nominees. We’re not strategic enough and, quite frankly, not that smart enough to really care about where our nominated films come. I firmly believe that all of our selections are based purely and simply on the value of submitted films, regardless of the country. We really don’t care where a good film comes from, just that it’s good.”
Furthermore, Johnson stressed that, due to the inability of Americans to embrace subtitled films, the Academy would try to do whatever it could to draw attention to these movies that are worth the effort. He also said that the nominations can have a huge significance, “not just in the pride that brings to the films of the filmmakers, but often to the filmmaking community of that country itself. Often, the nomination of a movie will ignite governmental support for its national cinema.”
Johnson, who almost forgot to introduce German director Michael Haneke, said that this would be his favorite category of the Academy Awards and that this had been the strongest year since he had been the chair of that committee.
Director Michael Haneke came to the Academy with three of his producers of the film “The White Ribbon,” including Stefan Arndt. Main actor Burghart Klaussner, as well as Haneke’s son and grandson, were there.
Mark Johnson: All of your films have been so highly praised and given so much acclaim throughout the world, and have won film festivals and your equivalent of the Oscars and so on. To what degree is any of that meaningful to you as filmmakers, or is it really something more for the producers or the distribution companies?
Michael Haneke: Ich kann nur anschliessen an das, was die anderen vorher gesagt haben. Man macht ja Filme um zu kommunizieren und jede Art von Anerkennung, seien es Besucherzahlen, seien es Preise, ist natürlich ein Zeichen, dass irgendetwas an dieser Kommunikation funktioniert. Das ist sozusagen der emotionale Teil, dann gibt es aber einen praktischen Teil. Wir sind alle in dieser Branche, immer so gut wie unser letzter Erfolg, und da sind natürlich Preise unglaublich wichtig für die zukünftigen Projekte.
Well, I can only agree with what has been said up till now. You don’t make films to win prizes, you make films to communicate, and so every kind of recognition is an aspect of that, whether it’s prizes or whether it’s success in terms of box office, and that shows that the film has worked in terms of communication. That’s the emotional aspect of the prizes. The practical aspect is that in this branch, you’re always as good as your last film, and so the prizes are incredibly important for future projects.
Mark Johnson: Michael, I see that your film is a screenplay that you wrote, but there is a credit to the famous writer Jean Claude Carrière. How did that come about?
Michael Haneke: Der Film, also das Drehbuch, wie es ursprünglich geschrieben war, war über dreieinhalb Stunden lang und die Produzenten sagten natürlich, dass man dreieinhalb Stunden Filme nicht verkaufen und auch nicht produzieren kann, zumindest nicht bei uns, und deswegen könnten wir den Film nur machen, wenn wir eine Stunde rausschneiden. Dann hab ich das versucht und das 20 Minuten geschafft und dann gesagt, mehr ist nicht drin. Und dann hatte ich die Idee, den Carrière zu fragen, ob er mir beim Kürzen helfen kann. Dann haben wir uns getroffen und das Skript gelesen. Er hat ein paar Wochen Zeit gebraucht, dann ist er gekommen, wir haben zwei Tage gearbeitet und dann war der Film auf der Länge, die er jetzt hat.
The original screenplay, as I wrote it, was three and a half hours long, and of course, the producers told me that there was no way that they could get financing and produce this film, at least not in Germany. Therefore, I was told it would be essential for me to cut the film by at least an hour. So I spent a long time working on it and managed to cut 20 minutes, and then said, “I can’t do more than that”. But then I had the idea to bring Jean Claude Carrière in and ask him to help me shorten the film. We met, we read the script, Jean Claude needed a few weeks, he came back, we worked together for two days, and as a result, the film came to its present length.
Mark Johnson: That’s fascinating. So they ended up working just the two days together, and then it was a finished script.
Michael Haneke: Man muss nur an der richtigen Stelle streichen.
It’s just a question of recognizing the right spot to cut out.
Mark Johnson: Michael, you’ve worked with some of the best actors in the world. I think of your film with Isabelle Huppert in “The Piano Teacher.” Obviously, in “The White Ribbon”, there were a number of professional actors, people I’ve seen before, but then the real stars of the film, the most significant characters, were the children. There were so many children in the film. They were spectacular. They have some of the most beautiful faces you’ve ever seen, and yet in the context, they are quite terrifying. That must have taken you a very long time to cast those children?
Michael Haneke: Ja, das war meine grosse Sorge, den Film zu starten und dann festzustellen, dass diese vielen Kinder, die eine entscheidende Rolle spielen, dass ich dafür die richtigen Leute gefunden hab. Deswegen haben wir schon ein halbes Jahr vorher mit dem Casting begonnen und haben über 7000 Kinder gecastet, was relativ viel ist, und alle Kinder waren die ganze Zeit während des Drehs da und wurden betreut und vorbereitet. Es war natürlich auch in dem Drehplan eingeplant, dass die Arbeit mit Kindern, vor allem mit kleineren Kindern, mehr Zeit braucht. Wir hatten das gleiche Problem mit den Statisten, also sie haben ja da ein paar Gesichter in der Kirche gesehen. Der Film spielt zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts auf dem Lande. Die Leute damals kennen wir von Fotos, wir wissen, wie sie in dieser Zeit aussahen. Die Bauern, die heute in Norddeutschland leben, haben ihren klimatisierten Traktor und sehen aus wie jemand, der aus der Stadt kommt. Wir haben also über 200 Statisten aus dem Norden von Rumänien per Bus kommen lassen, um diese Gesichter eben zu finden. Und beim Casting der Kinder war natürlich erstmal das Talent entscheidend, aber in zweiter Linie schon auch die Gesichter, die halt Gesichter sind, die man sich in dieser Zeit vorstellen kann.
That was my greatest concern, of course: that we would start with the pre-production of the film and that I would have to call my producer one day and say, I’m sorry, we have to stop. I haven’t been able to find the right faces, the right actors for their parts. This is why we started with the casting half a year before we started shooting the film. We met with over 7,000 children for the roles. They were all present during the shoot. We prepared them, we worked with them before the shoot, they had people looking after them, and we also planned this in our shooting schedule. We knew that working with children would require more time, especially with the youngest children, so we allowed them more time during the shooting.
We had the same concern with extras. You’ve seen the faces in the scene in the church. The film takes place at the beginning of the 20th century. The people we know from that time, we’ve only seen in photographs. However, the farmers you find working in Germany today, real farmers, spend all day sitting in air-conditioned tractors, and they don’t look at all like farmers from that time. And for that reason, we traveled to northern Romania and chose 200 extras there, who came to us by bus. Our main concern in casting the children was, of course, that they would be talented, but secondly, that we’d find the right children who looked like the faces we’d come to know from photographs from that period.
Mark Johnson: These are really remarkable faces and a fascinating detail, that you needed the faces with the lines and the sort of weather-beaten qualities that perhaps you can’t find today.
Mark Johnson: Michael, you’ve done your film in black and white.
Michael Haneke: Ja, ich hab das von Anfang an entschieden. Ich hab gesagt, wenn ich den Film mache, möchte ich ihn in schwarz weiss machen. Da bin ich anfangs auf eine grosse Gegenliebe gestossen, sowohl bei den Produzenten als auch bei den Verleihern. Und weil ich ein sturer Mensch bin, hab ich’s durchgesetzt und jetzt sind wir alle glücklich.
I decided that from the very beginning. I said, if I make the film, I want to make it in black and white. At first, I was met with great enthusiasm from both the producers and the distributors. But since I’m a rather stubborn individual, I got my way, and now we’re all happy.
Simone Kussatz: Mr. Haneke, I felt intrigued by your character Karli, the little boy with Down syndrome. What made you decide to have a child with a disability in your cast?
Michael Haneke: I just wanted to resemble how village people looked, and in earlier times, there were sometimes several mentally disabled children living there.
Article with Interview by Simone Kussatz